The waste management market - France

1.2 Waste management worldwide: major inequalities in the face of a global challenge

Global production:

The World Bank's **** What a waste *. * report highlights the problems associated with waste management on a global scale. Ocean pollution, poor regions submerged in litter, many are the problems caused by poor waste management. This World Bank report is still the latest update of the World Bank's figures on waste emissions.

Share of waste production and population World, ****, in percent Source: ****

We can see here that *.** billion tonnes of waste were produced worldwide in ****, with East Asia Pacific being the region producing the most waste at *** million tonnes of waste (***). North America, Europe, Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa are the regions polluting proportionally more than their population.

Inhabitant waste production World, ****, in thousands of tons per capita Source: ****

We identify * groups of waste producers in ****:

North Americans produced by far the most waste, with *** kilograms of waste produced per capita. Europe, Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa produced an average of *** kilos of waste per inhabitant. South Asia, East Asia/Pacific and Sub-Saharan Africa produced an average of *** kilos of waste per capita.

Current and projected waste production World, ****-****, in billions of tons Source: ...

1.3 A relatively stable but growing French market

Here's how the amount of waste generated in France has changed in recent years.

Waste generated France, **** - ****, in millions of tonnes Source: ****

Between **** and ****, the quantity of waste generated in France did not change significantly, increasing by **.*% in ** years, representing average annual growth of *.*%. A change in trend was observed in ****, when the quantity of waste increased by an average of *.*% per year over the last * years, reaching a peak in **** with *** million tonnes of waste. From then until ****, the trend was downwards, averaging -*.*% per year. The latest trend observed is upwards, between **** and ****, with a *.*% growth in the quantity of waste in just two years to reach *** million tonnes of waste. The downward trend in waste produced after **** coordinates with the implementation on **/**/** of Directive no. ****/**/EU on industrial emissions (***), leading to a *.*% drop in French waste production between **** and ****.

sales trends in waste collection, treatment, disposal and sorted waste recovery France, ****-****, in billions of euros Source: ****

Sales (***) correspond to NAF code ** - "Collection, treatment and disposal of waste; recovery". After sales growth of **.*% between **** and ****, sales were relatively stable between **** and ****, despite a downward trend averaging -*.*% per year. From **** to ****, sales grew by a hefty ...

1.4 Foreign trade

The Pôle national des transferts transfrontaliers de déchets (***), batteries, etc., which explains why some countries export waste to France. Waste treatment costs can vary from country to country, which also explains the existence of these waste transfers.

Non-hazardous waste imports by country ****, France, in millions of tons Source: ****

In ****, France imported *.* million tonnes of non-hazardous waste, **% of which was metals and minerals, but also paper and cardboard (***). These flows come from neighboring countries, with the exception of Turkey. This imported waste is then processed in French centers.

Non-hazardous waste exports by country ****, France, in millions of tonnes Source: ****

In ****, France exported ** million tonnes of non-hazardous waste, meaning that it exports more non-hazardous waste than it imports. In particular, France exports more to Belgium than it imports. The same applies to Spain. This is essentially due to the lower cost of waste treatment in these countries.

In total, in ****, France imported waste worth *.* billion euros, and exported waste worth *.* billion euros, resulting in a positive trade balance of *.* billion euros.

According toAdeme, in ** years, France has quadrupled its waste exports while only doubling its imports, in value terms.

1.5 Impact covid: difficulties for local authorities and industries but a growing awareness among the French

Waste management has been a topic of concern with the health crisis. During the March **** containment, **-**% of the *,*** public waste collection centers and around **% of sorting centers were closed, according to estimates by local government association Amorce.

The Ministry of Ecological Transition wanted to "maintain separate collection (***) from households for as long as possible".and "to maintain the activity of sorting centers for separately collected household waste for as long as possible". For his part, Nicolas Garnier, General Delegate of Amorce, emphasized the fact that, for the health of staff and for public health in general, the stoppage for a few weeks of the separate collection of household waste would have a negative impact on the environment.he suggested that sorting packaging or opening waste collection centers was not considered essential.

Industry, however, needed recycled waste to manufacture packaging, as in the pharmaceutical and food sectors, or for glass products, which cannot be manufactured without recycled materials.

Local authorities have had to find solutions to the closure of sorting centers:

Some had to reduce collection frequency (***); Others asked citizens to keep their waste at home; Still others decided to store the collected waste; The last have decided to incinerate the ...

2.1 Typology of waste producers

Waste production in France can be ranked as follows:

Waste generated by activity France, ****, in millions of tons Source: ****

In ****, construction accounted for almost **% of France's waste production, **% for economic activities outside the building and public works sector, and households accounted for "only" *% of French waste.

2.2 Construction drives national production

Here's the evolution of the quantity of waste produced by the construction sector.

Evolution of the quantity of waste produced by the construction sector France, ****-****, in millions of tonnes Source: ****

The quantity of waste produced by construction and the total quantity of waste produced in France follow the same trends between **** and ****, with a production peak in ****. National waste production is therefore highly dependent on construction waste production, which is subject to variations following the introduction of regulations (***). The fall in waste production in **** is the result of a freeze in economic activity, particularly in the building and public works sector.

Evolution of building and civil engineering waste France, **** - ****, in percent Source: ****

The breakdown between construction and public works waste has been constant for almost ** years, with around **% of public works waste coming from public works and **% from construction.

Breakdown of public works waste by property France, ****-****, in millions of tonnes Source: ****

For public works, in ****, **** and ****, an average of **% of waste was inert waste. In ****, for construction, **% of waste was inert waste (***).

Primary destination for inert construction waste France, ****, in percent Source: ****

Primary destination for non-hazardous non-inert construction waste France, ****, in percent Source: ****

The law on the ...

2.3 Business activities

Trends in waste production by economic activities France, **** - ****, in millions of tonnes Source: ****

Waste production by economic activities, excluding construction and public works, has not increased much in ** years, growing by **% between **** and ****.

Breakdown of waste from economic activities France, ****, in millions of tons Source: ****

In ****, waste from economic activities was produced by three main sectors: industry, the tertiary sector and waste treatment, remediation and depollution activities.

Since industry will account for one of the largest shares of economic activity waste in ****, it's interesting to take a closer look at this waste and understand how it is treated. We're going to analyze the breakdown in **** (***), as these are the latest figures published in the Ademe **** report.

Collection method for non-hazardous industrial waste France, ****, as a percentage of tons produced Source: ****

Most industrial companies use service providers to look after their waste, notably eco-organizations (***). Very few companies take care of their own waste: just over **%. This shows, all the more so, the essential nature of waste management companies.

Destination of non-hazardous industrial waste in **** (***) France, ****, in percent Source: ****

In ****, **% of waste was recovered, */* of it by recycling to recover raw materials.

2.4 A downward trend for households

Decreasing consumption:

In recent years, there has been a downward trend in household waste production, the result of awareness-raising policies and growing environmental awareness.

Trends in manages consumption France, **** - ****, in kilograms per capita Source: ****

Here we represent the quantity of household and similar waste per capita. It does not take into account residues or rubble, for example. Between **** and ****, the quantity of household waste declined by -*.*% per year. There will be a slight increase in household consumption in ****, due to the return to normal after the COVID-** crisis.

Recycling, a well-established practice:

Composition of all residual household waste (***) France, ****, in percent Source: ****

In ****, putrescible waste (***) took up the most space, weighing in at one-third of household waste, but was closely followed by plastics/glass and metals, which accounted for almost one-quarter.this was followed by textiles and paper/cardboard, which each accounted for one-sixth of all household waste. A large proportion of household waste is therefore recyclable.

The French and household waste France, ****, in percent Source: ****

According to Elabe's **** study, almost all those polled said they sorted to help protect the environment, and considered recycling to be an essential act. Two-thirds wanted to reduce their waste production, but only ...

3.1 Waste classification

Waste is defined at European level as "any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard", and therefore has a legal status.

There are different classifications of waste:

Source: ****

Waste producers:

Household waste management is the responsibility of local authorities, as part of the "public waste management service". The management of waste from economic activities is the responsibility of the original producer of this waste. They can call on a private service provider to manage their waste, subject to compliance with regulatory requirements concerning the sorting of waste from professionals, as indicated in the Environment Code or by the so-called"*-stream" decree of ****. Household and similar waste (***) is waste produced by economic activities, but managed in part by local authorities. Only so-called "assimilated" waste is concerned, i.e. waste for which there are no special technical requirements compared with household waste management.

Hazardous and non-hazardous waste:

Hazardous waste is waste that presents risks for people and the environment, and requires special treatment. The properties that make waste hazardous are defined in Annex III of Directive ****/**/EC. There are ** hazardous properties defined at European level, which can be found here. These include magnetized waste, equipment containing ...

3.2 Typology of waste management services

Market share by type of waste management France, ****, in percent Source: ****

In ****, waste management, collection, sorted waste recovery and waste treatment/disposal shared the market almost equally, with collection occupying a more important place. Pollution control and other management services account for just *.*% of market share.

The NAF codes used to count companies and employees are :

**.**Z Collection of non-hazardous waste **.**Z Collection of hazardous waste **.**Z Treatment and disposal of non-hazardous waste **.**Z Treatment and disposal of hazardous waste **.**Z Sorted waste recovery **.**Z Remediation and other waste management services

Growth in the number of waste management companies France, **** - ****, in numbers Source: ****

The number of companies and jobs has grown fairly linearly over ** years, with an average annual growth rate of *% for companies and *.*% for jobs. Lith regulations on pollution and waste management driving the waste management industry upwards, it's hardly surprising that the number of companies has been growing for years.

Share of waste management types by number of companies France, ****, in percent Source: ****

Number of waste management companies by type

Almost half of all waste management companies will be sorted waste recovery companies (***) in ****. The breakdown of companies by waste management type differs from the breakdown ...

3.3 Players of all kinds

The companies:Here is a ranking, carried out by BMFVERIF, of the ** companies with the highest sales in the waste collection, treatment and disposal sector, as well as the recovery of sorted waste:

GUY DAUPHIN ENVIRONNEMENT PAPREC FRANCE ECOSYSTEM SUEZ RV NORD EST COLLECTE VALORISATION ENERGIE DECHETS-COVED REVIVAL (***) ESKA (***) SUEZ RV CENTER EST SEPUR LABORATOIRE FONDERIE DE MÉTAUX PRECIEUX

You can see the rest of the ranking on BMFVERIF.

* listed recycling companies[***]:

Carbios: French chemical company specializing in the biological recycling of plastic waste. Recyclex: recycler of used lead batteries, zinc and polypropylene. Séché Environnement: a company specializing in the recycling of industrial and municipal products, with a particular focus on hazardous and/or non-recoverable waste (***). Suez: a company specializing in water and waste issues. In autumn ****, Véolia announced that it would be absorbing the Suez group. Groupe Pizzorno environnement: the company's main activity is the collection, sorting and recycling of household waste, but it also deals with the storage, treatment and recovery of waste.

Eco-organizations:For a large proportion of companies, the waste they produce falls into an Extended Producer Responsibility (***) sector, for example the automotive or packaging sectors. There are eco-organizations for those companies whose ...

4.1 Despite a drop in waste production, expenses are rising

National spending on waste management will amount to €**.** billion in ****, up **% on ****. It is broken down into two distinct components: current expenditure (***).

trends in current expenditure on waste management France, ****-****, in millions of euros Source: ****

In ****, half of current expenditure was financed by businesses (***). Businesses' share of current expenditure is stable, averaging **% over the ****-**** period.

Households account for **% of total current expenditure. This includes the TEOM/REOM (***) billed to households, and the purchase of plastic bags for waste collection.

The remaining **% of current expenditure is covered by public administrations. Expenditure comes from the cost of street cleaning for municipalities (***) for waste collection and treatment.

All in all, current expenditure has risen by **% over the past ** years.this increase can be explained by an increase in population, stricter legislation creating new obligations in waste collection and treatment, the introduction of selective collection, the financing of investments in the UTOM (***), etc. We also note that investment has continued to increase despite a reduction in the quantity of waste produced in France.

4.2 Increasing waste recovery

Waste disposal in France ****, France, % Source: ****

According to the Ademe (***) **** report, in France in ****, **% of waste was recycled and *% was recovered for electricity. Both outlets have seen growth. Energy recovery increased by almost **%, even though it was still not widely used in ****. conversely, while disposal still accounted for **% of the waste stream, this method was used less and less, down **% in ** years.

The significant growth in energy recovery can be explained by the rise in the price of electricity during this period, which has encouraged the production of electricity from waste combustion. At the same time, succeeding in producing electricity from waste during a period of rising prices benefits part of the sector, namely the energy industry. part of the sector, such as the Tiru Group (***), part of whose energy production comes from waste treatment.

Supply to the recycling sector France, ****, in percent Source: ****

Waste is well upgraded, since by being recycled, it represents an important resource for French industry, particularly the paper, glass and metal industries, as well as a small part of the plastics industry.

conversely, the global fall in raw material prices is leading to the abandonment of recycled materials:

Source: ****

As of September *, ****, the price of aluminum ...

4.3 Companies offer a wide range of services

Waste management is a very specific sector of activity. It is involved in the final stage of a product's life cycle. It is therefore necessary not to offer a product in particular, but a service. This is why waste management takes place at several levels and includes several stages:

Collection : the visible part of the iceberg for French citizens, collection can be represented by the garbage truck. It is, however, much more varied, given the wide range of wastes involved. We also have to deal with hazardous industrial waste (***). For this reason, a suitable transport system has been put in place following the agreement on the transport of dangerous goods by road. Transport : subject to very strict legislation, the transport of waste must be meticulous, with the sole aim of reaching a treatment center; Treatment : involving inspection, cleaning and/or repair; Reuse : avoiding treatment, reuse often consists in rehabilitating certain second-hand objects; Disposal: considered the ultimate recourse, this solution aims to get rid of waste by incinerating it without energy recovery, or by storing it in a landfill.

Initiatives from small, emerging structures, such as the "Too Good To Go" start-up, which offers an application that lets you buy a meal ...

4.4 Eco-design, an unavoidable practice

Eco-design is based on * points[***] :

Inclusion from the outset of all internal and external players concerned by the product Integrate consumer use Think in terms of the entire packaging system, to avoid any transfer of impact Optimize packaging weight and/or volume for a defined product use value Optimize the use of resources during packaging production Take into account the end-of-life of packaging

Examples of brands that have invested in eco-design:

On August **, ****, the Ethiquable brand inaugurated the first French chocolate factory dedicated to fair-trade and organic cocoa to be entirely eco-designed (***) and runs on green, local electricity. Coca-Cola replaces the plastic film around its Regular, Light and Zero six-packs and eight-packs with cardboard. Coca-Cola European Partners (***) has invested ** million euros to equip all its can plants with this solution. Colgate has designed a toothpaste tube made mainly from high-density polyethylene (***), and the cap should also be made from HDPE. To encourage the widespread use of recyclable tubes, the Colgate-Palmolive group has decided to share the technology with its competitors free of charge. Bel took * years to make its Leerdammer tray recyclable, and today it is made from polyethylene terephthalate (***), **% of which is recycled. After tests in Germany and France two ...

5.1 Regulations: practice, with the help of your EPR

There are numerous regulations governing waste management, and it's important to keep abreast of them, as changes can occur at any time.

Identifying your EPR:

discussed in section *.*, what is EPR? Economic players (***). This means that these players are responsible for the entire life cycle of the products they put on the market. EPR is divided into sectors that organize waste prevention and management according to waste type. EPR sectors concern both household and professional products. Under EPR, those who generate waste must take responsibility for its management, particularly in financial terms.

The objectives of EPR channels have now been extended to include prevention. Here are some examples of the guidelines followed to meet these needs:

to save resources by increasing the recycling of certain types of waste, and to improve the recycling performance of these types of waste; Relieve local authorities of all or part of the costs of waste management, and transfer funding from the taxpayer to the consumer; Internalize the costs of managing used products in the selling price of new products, to encourage manufacturers to adopt an eco-design approach; Extend the life of a product, by promoting eco-design, repair and reuse

As we can see from Ademe's ...

5.2 Numerous regulations in force to have a lasting impact on the market

Waste management companies must comply with strict regulations.

The French Environment Code, article L***-* : "Any producer or holder of waste is required to manage it or have it managed, in accordance with the provisions [***]" "Any producer or holder of waste is responsible for the management of this waste up to its final disposal or recovery, even if it is a waste product.is responsible for the management of this waste until its final disposal or recovery, even when the waste is transferred to a third party for treatment. " "Any producer or holder of waste must ensure that the person to whom it is handed over is authorized to take charge of it. "

The natural or legal person holding the waste is legally responsible for its proper treatment. Identification is a key concept here. Orders, more commonly referred to as applicable requirements, are defined according to the size, location and hazardousness of the waste. Companies are therefore obliged to take care of their waste, but not by any means. There are a number of laws governing the emission and management of waste, including the following:

The AGEC Act: the Anti-Waste for a Circular Economy Act of February **, ****, which radically transforms the ...

5.3 Tightening regulations to the industry's advantage?

Regulatory forecasts appear to be positive for the waste management industry: the stricter the regulations, the higher the price paid to the collection or treatment operator, as the required skills and investments are high.

However, the French Energy Transition Act is sending mixed signals to the industry:

The widespread introduction of separate collection of bio-waste by **** (***)[***]. The program to reduce waste by **** implies a reduction in the volume of waste produced, and therefore in the sector's activity.

Theincentive-based pricing concerns *.* million French people, who pay according to the weight of waste they produce. Including local authorities that have undertaken preliminary studies, ** million French people are concerned. This would reduce unsorted waste by **-**%[***]. The pricing system most commonly used in this case is the counting of residual household waste (***) or the number of deposits. This pricing system could be extended to the rest of France.

The government is also keen to amplify the current trend away from landfill and towards increased methanization of waste.

The anti-waste bill's flagship measure is the reintroduction of the deposit system for plastic bottles and cans. Consumers pay a few cents for the deposit they get back when they return their bottles/cans. This could be ...

6.1 Segmentation

• Guy Dauphin Environnement (GDE Ecore)
• Séché Environnement
• Coved (Paprec)
• Paprec Groupe
• Pizzorno Groupe
• Sepur
• Recylex Groupe
• CARBIOS
• Suez Groupe
• Waste Market place
• Derichebourg Groupe
• Véolia Groupe
• Veolia Propreté (Groupe Veolia)
• Vanheede Environment Group
• Guyot Environnement
• Brangeon Groupe
• Aktid
• Neolithe
• Néos
• Ecodrop
• Tersen
• CNIM
• Nicollin Groupe
• Dalkia Waste Energy (Paperec)
• LOCA RECUPER
• Rouvreau environnement