The waste management market - Italy

1.2 The evolution of the global market

The global waste management market was valued at $*,***.* billion in **** and is expected to reach $*,***.* billion by ****, registering a CAGR of *.* percent from **** to ****.

The World Bank's **** What a waste *.* report highlights waste management issues on a global scale. From ocean pollution to waste-ridden poor regions, there are many problems caused by poor waste management.

Part de la production de déchets et de la population Monde, ****, en pourcentage Source: ****

It can be seen that *.** billion tons of waste were generated worldwide in ****, with East Asia and the Pacific as the region that produced the most waste, with *** million tons of waste (***). North America, Europe, Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North Africa are the regions that pollute proportionally more than their populations.

Production de déchets des habitants Monde, ****, en kilos par habitant Source: ****

Three groups of waste producers were identified in ****: North Americans produced the most waste, with *** kilos of waste per capita. Europe, Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North Africa produced an average of *** kilos of waste per capita. South Asia, East Asia and the Pacific, and Sub-Saharan Africa produced an average of *** kilos of waste per ...

1.3 The Italian Market

The waste management sector is a fast-growing sector in recent years in Italy, and as we can see from the following graph, this is evidenced by the increase in turnover in the waste management sector, which increased aggregately at a CAGR of *.* percent between **** and ****. Data reported by ISTAT for the following ATECO codes were used to calculate the aggregate turnover of this sector: **.* "Waste Collection" **.* " Waste Treatment and Disposal." ** "Remediation activities and other waste management services"   Turnover Evolution Waste Management Enterprises Italy, **** - ****, in billion euros Source : ISTAT   Municipal waste data for **** are strongly influenced by the Covid-** health emergency that has marked the national socio-economic environment. As per ISPRA estimates conducted at the beginning of the pandemic, waste production does, in fact, record a decrease of more than one million tons due to the restriction measures adopted and the closures of several types of commercial establishments. In ****, national municipal waste (***) generation stands at **.* million tons, down *.* percent from **** Looking at the trend referring to a longer time span, it can be seen that between **** and ****, production remained consistently above ** million tons while, after the sharp decline in ****-**** (***), it stood at quantities below ** million tons until ****. Thereafter, with the ...

1.4 Exports and Imports of Waste

Regarding the export and import of waste, in ****, *** thousand tons of municipal waste were exported and about *** thousand tons were imported

The exported waste consists of **.*% of "Waste produced by mechanical waste treatment" and **% of "Solid Secondary Fuel". On the other hand, the imported waste consists mainly of "Glass"(***). As for the export of municipal waste, compared to **** there was an increase of **% (***), of which only *,*** thousand tons were hazardous. Austria, Spain and Portugal are confirmed as the countries to which the largest amounts of municipal waste are destined, *** thousand tons, ** thousand tons and ** thousand tons respectively. They are followed by Germany and Hungary with ** and ** thousand tons. Among the Italian regions that allocate greater amounts of waste is Campania, about *** thousand tons, or **.* percent of the total exported. This is mainly"waste produced by waste treatment "and"Part of municipal and similar waste not composted."This is followed by Latium with about ** thousand tons of exported waste, consisting of ** thousand tons of"Solid Secondary Fuel"and** thousand tons of"Paper and Cardboard Packaging." Veneto exports ** thousand tons of municipal waste, consisting of ** thousand tons of "Solid Secondary Fuel" and ** thousand tons of "Wood Packaging." Municipal Waste Exported by Country of ...

2.1 Types of special waste generated

As seen in section *.*, about ** million municipal wastes were generated in Italy in ****. In addition to this type of waste, about *** million special wastes were then produced in the same year.

Already between **** and **** an increase in the production of this waste had been noted, amounting to *.* percent, corresponding to about **.* million tons. The recorded increase was almost entirely attributable to non-hazardous waste, which accounted for **.*% of the total waste generated; an increase of almost **.* million tons (***). In particular, non-hazardous waste generated from construction and demolition operations increased by **.*%, amounting to *.* million tons in quantitative terms.

In ****, the largest contribution to the total production of special waste was made by the construction and demolition sector, which, with more than ** million tons including waste from construction and demolition operations and other wastes produced by these activities (***) to the production of special waste. Percentage breakdown of total special waste generation, by economic activity Italy, ****, in percent Source: ****

2.1 An overview of municipal waste generation

As seen, municipal waste accounts for only a small share of the total waste generated in Italy in ****. Compared to ****, there was an increase in the amount produced only in northern Italy, with almost **.* million tons of waste, while there was a decrease in the Center (***) with *.* million tons.

The following table provides an overview of total municipal waste generation by region, in millions of tons. We can see that Lombardy is the region that produces the most waste (***).

Source: ****

Wanting to analyze the per capita production of municipal waste, in **** this stood at *** kg with a negative change of -*% compared to ****. Per capita waste production has always remained below *** kg per citizen, with the exception of **** and ****. Between **** and **** there were much higher values between *** and *** kg. Regionally, it is the center that has the highest value of production per capita of pollution, despite being the area that produces the least. In fact, there are *** kg per capita for a population of about **.** million in ****. It is followed by the North with ***.* kg per capita with a population of **.* million and the South with ***.* kg per capita and a population of **.* million.

Among the regions, it is Emilia Romagna ...

2.3 An overview of special waste generation

At the territorial level, the production of this type of waste is mainly concentrated in northern Italy, in fact about **.*% of the total (***).

At the regional level, it is Lombardy, with more than **.* million tons, that produces the most, about ** percent of the special waste generated in northern Italy, followed by Veneto with **.* million tons (***). Among the Central regions, the highest production values are found for Latium with about **.* million tons or **.* percent of the production of Central Italy and Tuscany with almost **.* million tons (***). Total special waste production at the regional level Italy, **** - ****, in million tons Source: ****

2.4 Italians and separate waste collection

Istat has investigated the habits of Italian households with reference to the ways in which they separate waste, showing that those residing in the North differentiate waste more than other parts of the country. The record belongs to households in the Northwest: glass **.* percent, aluminum containers **.* percent, plastic containers **.* percent and paper **.* percent.

Corresponding to the highest level of municipal waste generated in the Northeast is also the highest percentage of separate collection (***).

Very distant from the North, on the other hand, are the Center and the South and where separate collection stands at **.* percent and **.* percent, respectively. The regions that show the lowest percentages of both sorted municipal waste and households reporting that they sort waste are Sicily and Molise (***). At the same time these regions are among those that produce a low percentage of waste per capita.

As can be seen from the graph then there was a generalized increase for all of Italy between **** and ****. The greatest increase is in the southern areas, an indication of the efficiency of the new policies on the subject.

A total of **.* million tons were recycled in Italy in ****, about *** kg per capita.

Trends in the percentage of separate collection of municipal ...

3.1 Market structure and dynamics

In Italy, the market is somewhat fragmented and far from being consolidated at the industrial level. In fact, the situation in Italy is quite different from the rest of the world. As can be seen from the two graphs shown here there is a clear difference in turnover between the large global multinationals and the largest Italian waste management companies. This is due to a number of factors which, as highlighted by Gruppo Biancamano, can be summarized as follows :

low productivity of collection and cleaning services, mainly due to the exceptionally small size of companies low incidence of revenues from reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal of waste-which represent the highest value activities within the supply chain-on overall industry revenues low correspondence between tariff-revenue levels and cost-reward of capital employed, partly due to a reduced "pay as you throw" orientation lack of clarity of "system" industrial policies in terms of strategic objectives

Major Multinational Waste Management Companies, by Revenue World, ****, in billions of euros Source: ****

Top Italian waste management multinationals, by turnover Italy, ****, in millions of euros Source : Waste Disposal In recent years, however, the market has been heading in a new direction as a result of policies to liberalize local public ...

3.2 Municipal Waste Management

The most common form of municipal waste management in Italy are mechanical biological treatment and landfill. However, the latter has undergone a ** percent reduction between **** and ****, with an increase in other forms of material recovery. The treatment of the organic fraction of separate waste collection (***) increased from *.* million tons to nearly *.* million showing a slight increase of ** thousand tons, or *.* percent.

Municipal waste management, by type Italy, **** - ****, in million tons Source: ****

The number of municipal waste management plants referred to individual types is the most up-to-date number currently available. There are *** municipal waste management plants, operational. Of these, *** are dedicated to the treatment of the organic fraction of separated waste collection (***), *** are plants for mechanical or mechanical biological treatment, *** are landfill plants to which are added ** incineration plants and ** industrial plants that perform co-incineration of municipal waste.

The geographical distribution of plants is not homogeneous among Italian regions in terms of numbers, authorized capacity and technological choices. Approximately ** percent of the total authorized treatment capacity for biodegradable organic fraction recovery plants is operational in the North, where plants have a greater spatial spread and a lower average treatment capacity than in the South-Central and Islands. Seventy percent of incinerators are ...

3.3 Special waste management in Italy

As mentioned, there are ***.* million tons of special waste managed in Italy, of which **% is non-hazardous and the remaining *.* million (***) is hazardous. There are several ways in which special waste can be managed :

R*: Main use as a fuel or other means of producing energy,R*: Solvent regeneration/recovery,R*: Recycling/recovery of organics not used as solvents (***). D*: Deposit on or in the soil (***).

As can be seen from the graph the most common form of management is material recovery (***). Special waste management Italy, ****, in percent Source : ISPRA The following table then shows the number per of management plants by type and geographical location.Material recovery plants, amounting to *,***, make up **.* percent of the national plant stock; those dedicated exclusively to the storage of waste awaiting subsequent recovery/disposal operations, corresponding to *,*** plants, are **.* percent of the total; finally, self-dismantling plants, amounting to *,*** represent **.* percent; and industrial plants that perform material recovery within their production cycle, amounting to *,***, represent ** percent. Type of Plant North Center South Italy Material Recovery Plants **** *** **** **** Autodemolition Plants *** *** *** **** Scrapping Plants ** ** ** ** Crushing Plants ** * * ** Productive Plants Performing Material Recovery *** *** *** **** Chemical-physical biological treatment and reconditioning plants *** *** *** *** Storage Facilities **** *** *** **** Co-incineration plants *** ** ** *** Incineration Plants ** * ** ** Landfill Plants *** ** ** *** Composting and anaerobic digestion plants *** ** ** *** Total **** **** **** ***** source ...

4.1 Expenditure on waste management

Italy's national expenditure on waste management has been calculated at *.** billion euros, a figure that has seen a percentage increase of ** percent over the past ** years. Even in **** there was an increase in spending, despite a reduction in municipal waste generated by about * million tons.

National Expenditure on Waste Management Italy, **** - ****, in billions of euros Source: ****

On a per capita level, the amount of the tari tariff, a national tax for municipal waste management, is about €***, a figure that will increase by *.* percent between **** and ****. The region with the lowest average expenditure is Veneto at €***, with a * percent reduction in the tariff compared to ****. On the contrary, Campania is the region with the highest expenditure, ***€, a value decreasing by *.*% compared to ****. At the territorial level, increases are recorded in twelve regions: largest increase in Liguria (***), followed by Basilicata with +*.*%, Molise with +*.*% and Calabria with +*.*%; decreasing tariffs in six: in Sardinia there is a -*% and in Veneto a -*.*%.

the table below provides an overview of the values and price change of TARI in the Italian regions.

Region Tari **** Tari **** % change Abruzzo €*** €*** + *.*% Basilicata €*** €*** + *.*% Calabria €*** €*** + *.* % Campania €*** €*** - *.*% Emilia Romagna €*** €*** - *.*% Friuli Venezia Giulia €*** €*** + *.*% Latium € *** €*** * % Liguria €*** €*** + **.*% Lombardy €*** €*** + *.*% Marche €*** €*** + *.*% Molise €*** €*** + *.*% Piedmont €*** €*** + *.*% Apulia €*** €*** +*.*% Sardinia €*** €*** - ...

5.1 Waste Classification

Waste is classified:

according to origin, into municipal waste and special waste; according to hazardous characteristics, into non-hazardous waste and hazardous waste.

Urban waste under Article *** ofLegislative Decree ***/****,as amended and supplemented:

household waste, including bulky waste, from premises and places used for civil habitation; non-hazardous waste from premises and places used for purposes other than those referred to in subparagraph a), assimilated to urban waste by quality and quantity(***); waste from street sweeping; waste of any nature or origin, lying on public roads and areas or on private roads and areas otherwise subject to public use or on maritime and lake beaches and the banks of watercourses; vegetable waste from green areas, such as gardens, parks and cemetery areas; wastes from exhumations and exhumations,as well as other wastes from cemetery activities other than those under (***).

Special wastes, pursuant to Article *** ofLegislative Decree ***/**, etseq:

wastes from agricultural and agro-industrial activities; waste from demolition, construction, as well as waste resulting from excavation activities subject to the provisions of Article *** bis(***); wastes from industrial processing; the waste from artisanal processing; waste from commercial activities; wastes from service activities; wastes from waste recovery and disposal activities; sludges from potabilization and other water treatment ...

5.2 National and European regulations

In Italy it is appropriate to distinguish two types of waste management : recovery operations and disposal and treatment operations. Recovery operations are the responsibility of the plants that manage the collected waste while in the second case incinerators, landfills and mechanical-biological treatment plants intervene.

Waste disposal in Italy was organically regulated by Presidential Decree *** of September **, ****, issued in implementation of EEC Directives No. **/*** (***).

In addition, Legislative Decree No. *** of **** - Environmental Code in Part IV amended the regulations on waste management.The measure in question changed, in some key points, the regulatory approach to waste, without, however, distorting the dictates of the previous regulations, which, especially in the implementing provisions, are confirmed.The approach is confirmed, no longer based on the disposal of waste, but on its management, and it is precisely the complexity of this process that the measure goes to regulate and govern.

The guiding principles, set out in Art. ***, are those of precaution, prevention, sustainability, proportionality, accountability, cooperation among those involved in the waste management chain and the "polluter pays" principle; to this end, management is carried out according to criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, transparency, technical and economic feasibility, as well as in compliance with the rules ...

6.1 Segmentation

• Derichebourg Groupe
• Paprec Groupe
• Recylex Groupe
• Econord
• Alia Servizi Ambientali SPA
• Consorzio Nazionale Per La Raccolta Il Riciclo E Il Recupero Degli Imballaggi In Plastica (Corepla)
• Gruppo Veritas
• Azienda Milanese Servizi Ambientali SPA (AMSA)
• HERAmbiente
• Véolia Groupe