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Summary of our market study
The French market for electric scooters is worth around 40 million euros
The market for self-service electric scooters has grown significantly since 2020, with a marked increase in shared mobility use of 48% in Europe in 2022 alone.
The maturing market has consolidated around major players such as Lime, Dott and Tier, particularly in France where regulations are stricter.
Operators have yet to break even.
In recent years, the urban mobility landscape has been considerably reshaped by the arrival of electric scooters. Electric scooters will account for 51% of Europe's shared-vehicle fleet
The French market has enthusiastically embraced this trend, with players such as Lime, Dott and Tier following in the footsteps of electric scooters.
According to BCG, the European and American markets for these scooters alone should reach a value of between $25 and $30 billion. Work and commuting account for almost half of usage.
Electric scooters account for 16% of journeys in France.
Electric scooter operators
- Lime
- Tier
- Dott
- Bird: Bird's track record highlights the volatility of the self-service scooter market.
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Summary and extracts
1 Market overview
1.1 Definition and scope of the study
The self-service or free-floating scootermarket concerns the urban mobility service offered by electric scootersin recent years, the market for micro-mobility (up to 6 km of travel distance) - which includes the market for scooters - has grown which includes self-service scooters - has seen the use of personal mobility devices (PMDs) become more widespread and amplified after the health crisis in particular.
Free-floating scooters are available for rent and can be used/dropped off at their convenience. This service is made available and is operable via the use of a mobile application and a QR Code allowing the unlocking of the scooter. As far as the French market is concerned, the service costs a pre-announced price that corresponds to a rate per minute traveled.
This ease of use has made it a huge success and thus in 2018 a multiplicity of players have invested the market offering an equivalent service and thus being able to differentiate themselves only by the price offered to users. The hypercompetitiveness of the price has led to the exit of many players from the market, as they were unable to generate profit and intensified the phenomenon of concentration. Today, only a few players have managed to stay on this market, such as Lime, Dott or Tier (the only players still existing in Paris, while they were 12 in 2018). Thus, following a phase of anarchic development, the self-service electric scooter market is regulating itself and could reach 25 to 30 billion dollars on the European and American markets alone, according to the consulting firm BCG.
in addition to this ultra-competitive scheme, there is an ever-increasing amount of regulation to control the practice and protect users. For example, in November 2022, the Paris City Council is threatening not to renew the contracts of the three operators if they do not implement a number of measures.
1.2 A global market with great growth prospects
According to the Boston Consulting Group(***), the global self-service electric scooter market is expected to be worth between US$** billion and US$** billion by **** .
Distribution of the self-service electric scooter market by world region World, ****, % of market by value Source: ****
The chart below highlights the breakdown by world region, with Europe ...
1.3 European and French markets
state of the European market in ****
The use of shared mobility has increased by **% compared to ****. ***,*** vehicles are now present in the ** European cities analyzed by Fluctuo: an increase of **%. *** services are offered.
Distribution of the European shared-vehicle fleet Europe, ****, as a % of total Source: ****
Scooters represent **% of the vehicles deployed ...
2 Analysis of the demand
2.1 User profile
The use of electric scooters has evolved over the last few years: even if leisure remains the primary reason for using self-service scooters, business and commuting account for **% of usage.
Use of self-service scooters France, ****, in % Source: ****
Conducted in **** in partnership with Smart Mobility Lab and OpinionWay, the Mobiprox Observatory study ...
2.2 Comparative study of different urban mobility services
Distribution of the number of trips made using shared mobility France, ****, in % of number of trips Source: ****
The majority of trips (***) are made by bikes shared in stations, followed by free-floating electric scooters with **% of trips. More than ***,*** trips were made in ****.
Nevertheless, in terms of value, electric scooters dominate the ...
3 Market structure
3.1 Market value chain
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3.2 A market that is consolidating and structuring itself around a handful of players
In ****, there were ** companies in France offering free-floating services, all of them present in Paris and some in * other French cities: Lyon, Marseille, Bordeaux and Angers. Some attempts ended in failure, such as Lime in Toulouse or Bordeaux, or Wind in Nantes. [***]
The tendering process has changed the situation completely since ...
3.3 A business model that impacts the profitability of the main players
In ****, consulting firm BCG raised the issue of the uncertain profitability of startups in the sector.
Indeed, operators had to focus on expanding their user base at launch to gain market share and profitability was only the next step in their development.
By estimating the lifespan of scooters at * months with ...
4 Analysis of the offer
4.1 Analysis of self-service scooter supply
Comparison of self-service in Paris
4.2 Innovations and supply trends
Constant innovations to improve safety
To make users safer, operators have implemented changes within the scooters themselves: lower deck for better support, detection system for sidewalks and risky areas.
More sustainable scooters
Lime and zero-emissions: implementation of zero-emission vehicles (***). They plan to replace all non-all-electric vehicles by ****. Similarly, across the value ...
5 Regulation
5.1 Regulatory framework
The LOM Law to structure the market and an entry into the highway code for EDPM
The Mobility Orientation Law was published in the Official Journal on December **, ****. This law transforms mobility policy in depth, with a simple objective: daily transportation that is easier, less expensive and cleaner. But it also ...
6 Positioning of the actors
6.1 Overview of the actors
- Lime Neutron
- Dott
- Tier Mobility
- Voi mobility
List of charts presented in this market study
- Regional breakdown of self-service electric scooter market
- Distribution of the European shared vehicle fleet
- Segmentation of scooter users
- Framework for the use of self-service scooters
- Number of companies operating in the self-service scooter sector in France
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Latest news
Micromobility: Tier and Dott to merge - 11/01/2024
- Two micromobility start-ups, Tier and Dott, are in exclusive negotiations for a merger.
- The joint entity will continue to operate under the Tier and Dott brands. The group will be headquartered in Berlin.
- Tier shareholders will hold 70% of the shares in the new entity, while Dott shareholders will hold 30%.
- Tier has raised $585 million since its creation, and was valued at $2 billion in 2021.
- Dott has raised $175 million.
- Investors in both companies plan to inject 60 million euros in equity.
- Bird, another micromobility company, went bankrupt in December 2023.
- Superpedestrian has ceased operations in the USA and is looking for a buyer in Europe.
- Dott/Tier reported cumulative revenues of 250 million euros in 2023.
- 3 major players in the European micromobility market: Dott/Tier, Sweden's Voi and Bolt.
- Dott and Tier were ousted from the Paris scooter market in 2023 following a lost referendum.
Tier-Dott merger: Necessity for e-scooter and bike rivals - 11/01/2024
- Tier and Dott have combined sales of 250 million euros.
- Together, the companies carry out over 125 million journeys a year in more than 20 countries.
- Dott operates 50,000 shared vehicles and is present in 8 countries.
- Both companies have accumulated 55 million operating losses in 2023.
- Tier has raised over 660 million euros, notably from the UAE fund Mubadala.
- Dott raised 210 million euros, notably from the Belgian Sofina.
- The new group created by the merger of Dott and Tier receives a reinvestment of 60 million euros in equity by its shareholders.
- The valuation of the merged entity is 150 million euros, down significantly from Tier's $2 billion valuation two years ago.
- American company Lime posted adjusted Ebitda of $27 million on sales of $250 million in the first half of 2023, up 45%.
Micromobility: Tier and Dott in merger talks - 10/01/2024
- Tier and Dott, two micromobility start-ups, are in negotiations for a merger which should be effective in two months' time.
- Tier shareholders will own 70% of the new entity, while Dott shareholders will hold 30%.
- Tier, a German company, has raised $585 million since its inception and was valued at $2 billion in 2021.
- Dott, a Dutch company, has raised $175 million since its creation.
- Their investors plan to inject 60 million euros in equity following the merger.
- Bird, another micromobility start-up, went bankrupt in December 2023.
- Superpedestrian has ceased operations in the USA and is looking for a buyer in Europe.
- The European micromobility market is consolidated around three players: Dott/Tier, Voi and Bolt.
- Dott/Tier have declared cumulative revenues of 250 million euros for 2023.
15.000 Parisian scooters on the move - 02/08/2023
- 15,000 scooters operated in Paris by Dott, Lime and Tier Mobility.
- Lime plans to transfer its fleet to Lille, Copenhagen, London or Germany, and to maintain a fleet of 10,000 bikes in Paris.
- Dott has withdrawn 5,000 scooters from Paris at a rate of 500 a week, which will be sent to Bordeaux, Belgium or Tel Aviv.
- Tier Mobility will transfer a third of its fleet to 80 communes in the Île-de-France region, while the rest will be sent to Germany or Poland.
- Paris is the first European capital to completely ban self-service scooters.
Electric scooters: the government sets new rules - 31/03/2023
- 2.5 million French fans of electric scooters.
- The minimum age for driving an electric scooter will be raised from 12 to 14.
- Fines for riding two-up on a scooter or on prohibited lanes will rise from 35 to 135 euros.
- A micro-mobility observatory will be set up to collect accident figures and identify the causes.
- Operators will be required to restrict speed, register their machines, systematically check the age of users, report infringements and respect parking restrictions.
Trottinettes Dott et Tier reconducted in Lyon | Trottinettes Dott et Tier à Lyon - 16/03/2023
In Lyon, the two companies have
- - 4,000 self-service vehicles
- - 271 parking areas
- - Machine life extended to 7 years
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The self-service scooter market | France
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