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Summary of our market study
The French parking market is estimated at over €1 billion.
The global parking market, valued at over $5 billion, is expected to grow at an annual rate of 12%.
The market is growing in line with the increase in the global car fleet, which is expected to reach 2 billion vehicles by 2040.
The French parking lot market is highly concentrated and dominated by heavyweights such as Indigo, which accounts for almost half of the country's parking lot market share.
85% of households own a car in France, a figure that remains stable. The car ownership rate is higher in suburban and rural areas than in urban areas, and lower among the elderly and young.
The French car fleet exceeds 45 million vehicles.
The French parking market is traditionally based on the concession model, with public ownership and private management.
The private parking segment concerns off-street parking.
There are different types of parking lots: surface, underground and multi-storey. The construction costs of these parking infrastructures are high, particularly for underground facilities.
Players in the private parking lot market
- The Indigo Group is the market leader in France and is also present on the international scene. Indigo has absorbed the parking activities of Covivio and Transdev.
- Q-Park is another heavyweight.
- The Keolis group, through its subsidiary Effia, takes a global approach to public transport management, integrating parking solutions into a broader package of mobility services.
- Interparking operates throughout Europe.
- APCOA is the dominant force in Europe, with operations spanning a dozen countries.
- French entities such as SAEMES and Metpark contribute to the national landscape
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Summary and extracts
1 Market overview
1.1 Introduction and definition of the private parking lot market
The need for parking lots arose with the democratization of the automobile in Europe and the United States, and the need to solve the first problems of urban congestion. In 1962, the first GTM parking lot was built on Place des Invalides. The private parking lot market is a segment of the regulated parking market, involving the payment of a fee for a limited parking time. Parking lots can be on-street (along the public highway) or off-street (underground or in enclosed reserved spaces).
There are different types of parking lots in France:
- private parking lots, managed by a private individual, company or organization;
- private parking lots for public use, such as supermarket parking lots with free access;
- public parking lots, managed by the State and owned by local authorities (roadside, underground and above-ground).
The global parking market is doing well. estimated at $4.38 billion in 2022, it should grow at a CAGR of 12.1% until 2030. This market is strongly correlated with the automobile market, which is booming, with 2 billion cars expected by 2040.
The French market, equally divided between on- and off-street facilities, is also doing well.parking lot management is a highly profitable business, dominated by a handful of players, including Indigo, the undisputed market leader in France. Two factors have profoundly altered the sector: the end of concessions for parking lots built between the 1960s and 1980s, and the policies implemented in recent years, which have largely reduced the number of on-street spaces.
Municipalities are the main buyers of parking lots. They are increasingly turning to private parking operators (more than half of the total parking lot market in France), often from the construction industry. The latter build and then operate the parking lots. SEMs (semi-public companies) are another possible form of management, and a minority of towns and cities choose to manage this activity directly with a régie. new entrants (freeway concessionaires, airport managers) are taking an interest in this buoyant market, which is not very sensitive to the economic climate, thus significantly altering the structure of the private parking lot market in France.
1.2 A global parking market dominated by the United States
Estimated at $*.** billion in ****, the global parking market is expected to grow at a CAGR of **.*% to ****.
Sales growth projections for the global parking management market World, **** - ****, in $ billions Source: ****
Growth in the parking management market is driven by the increasing number of vehicles, demand for efficient traffic management solutions ...
1.3 A growing French market
According to the Fédération Nationale du Marché du Stationnement (***), in *,*** parking lots. The industry generates sales of *.* billion euros and employs *,*** people[***]. The French parking lot management market is highly concentrated, dominated by Indigo, Effia and Q-Park.
Market share of different groups by number of car parks France, ****, in Source: ...
2 Demand analysis
2.1 Rising motorization of French households
Despite a sharp drop in new vehicle sales in recent years, the household car ownership rate has remained relatively stable, reaching **.*% in ****[***].
Share of motorized households France, ****-****, in Source: ****
Over the long term, there has even been a slight increase in this rate, which was closer to **% in the early ...
2.2 Passenger car fleet in France
A car spends more than **% of its life in a car park, and the evolution of the French car fleet is therefore naturally the primary determinant of parking demand[***]. The size of the French car fleet has generally been on the rise since the beginning of the century, driving the need ...
2.3 The low popularity of parking lots
Generally speaking, city dwellers are not satisfied with the parking facilities on offer. Indeed, according to an Odoxa survey conducted for France Bleu in ****, parking spaces were among the measures taken by municipalities with which urbanites were least satisfied, with only **% of respondents declaring themselves satisfied.
Urbanites' level of satisfaction with ...
2.4 New rules for parking motorized two-wheelers in Paris
Since the introduction of paid parking for thermal motorized two-wheelers in Paris and the Île-de-France region on *ᵉʳ September ****, a majority of drivers are considering changing their travel habits. According to an OpinionWay survey for mobility app Freenow, **% of drivers affected by the measure are considering changing their mode of transport, and ...
3 Market structure
3.1 The French parking market and the concession model
As already mentioned, there are different types of parking lots (***). Thus, the parking market encompasses only regulated on-street and off-street parking, characterized by the payment of a fee and a limited parking time. For example, the parking market does not include garages and private parking spaces[***].
Here, the private parking market ...
3.2 Indigo, the undisputed market leader
Among the private players specializing in parking, the main companies are Indigo, QPark, Effia, Interparking and APCOA. While APCOA dominates the European market, Indigo is the French market leader, with a **.**% share of French car parks (***).formed in **** from the merger of Sogeparc and Parcs GTM, and originally named Vinci Park, ...
3.3 Focus on medium-sized players
Although operators such as Indigo and Q-Park largely dominate the sector, there are also many local players, which we present in this section. The following table lists a number of smaller operators operating on a more local scale in France.
Source: ****
Many of these parking lots, although fee-paying, are not entirely ...
4 Offer analysis
4.1 The different types of parking lot
As mentioned above, there are several types of parking lot, depending on whether they are multi-storey or not. To give you a more detailed idea, we can distinguish between the following types of parking lot[***] :
Surface parking lots
Above-ground parking lots are parking facilities on the ground level, usually delimited by ...
4.2 Activity costs and pricing
According to Turner & Townsend, the cost of building a parking lot in Paris in **** was €*,***/m* for underground parking lots and €***/m* for surface parking lots. Prices rose by *.*% between **** and ****.
Construction costs for parking lots in Paris France, ****-****, in €/m* Source: ****
In addition, Evo-park, a company specializing in parking ...
4.3 The gradual disappearance of on-street parking in favor of multi-storey car parks
As a result of the interaction of many factors, including urban planning concerns and measures to limit cars in city centers, on-street parking spaces are becoming increasingly scarce in France. In ****, **% of cities reported having removed a significant number of on-street parking spaces over the past five years.
The city of ...
4.4 Parking in cities: towards connected, multi-modal spaces
The axes of intermodality:
in France today, **% of home-work journeys are monomodal. There is therefore a real opportunity for better fragmentation of the journey, which is a key issue in the energy transition. Here are just some of the areas under study in the parking sector:
car-sharing; parking facilities for two-wheelers ...
5 Regulations
5.1 Parking space regulations
Dimensions:
Parking spaces are subject to dimensional regulations concerning pavement markings, depending on the type of storage:
Source: ****
These dimensions are governed by standard NF P**-***.
Disabled and PRM parking spaces:
Since ****, it has been mandatory to have at least *% of the number of spaces adapted for PRM. The spaces ...
5.2 Car park construction standards
Construction standards for parking lots vary according to a number of factors:
Type: public or private Construction method and land: underground, surface, overhead, etc. Capacity: number of spaces Traffic flow within the parking lot: one-way or two-way Etc...
Based on these criteria, the main elements concerned by the regulations are as ...
6 Positioning the players
6. Segmentation
- Effia (Keolis Groupe)
- Q-Park
- Indigo Parking Group
- Interparking France
- APCOA Parking France
- Edeis
- Ector Parking
- Parclick
- SAEMES
- Transdev Stationnement - Urbis Park (Trandev Groupe)
- Zenpark
- Keolis
- Metpark
- Interparking
- Flowbird Parkeon
- Linkview
- Camping-car Park
List of charts presented in this market study
- Market share of different groups by number of parks
- Share of motorized and multimotorized households
- Motorization rate by place of residence
- Motorization rate by age of household head
- Change in the size of the French car fleet
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Latest news
Keolis reshuffles its staff - 30/08/2023
- Keolis has 68,000 employees in 13 countries.
Bernard Tabary, former head of international operations at Keolis, died accidentally in March 2023. - He has been replaced by Laurence Broseta.
Indigo invests over 600 million in parking lots in Spain - 01/08/2023
- French group Indigo has bought 100% of Parkia for between 600 and 650 million euros.
- Parkia holds 71 concessions in 44 cities in Spain and Andorra.
- Parkia and Indigo are respectively the 3rd and 4th largest parking operators in Spain.
- Following the merger, Indigo will become the second-largest player in the parking market in terms of Ebitda.
- Parkia has a portfolio of high-quality concession and full ownership contracts, with a residual term of around 38 years.
- Parkia's sales exceeded 53 million euros in 2022.
- Indigo is mainly owned by Crédit Agricole Assurances (49.2%) and Vauban Infrastructure Partners (34.3%).
- Parkia operates a total of 38,800 parking spaces.
- Indigo has been present in Spain for over twenty years.
Metro: Keolis breaks RATP monopoly to operate two lines in Greater Paris - 01/06/2023
- Metro lines concerned: lines 16 and 17 of the Grand Paris Express
- Operator selected: Keolis
- Starting date: October 2026
- Contract duration: 7 years, extendable to 10 years
- Contract value: 300 million euros
Marie-Ange Debon, the discreet Keolis boss who challenges RATP - 31/05/2023
- The company manages a public transport network with sales of 7 billion euros.
- The company has 68,000 employees worldwide.
- SNCF owns 70% of the company.
- RATP will lose part of its monopoly on Parisian transport in 2026.
- Bus lines in Paris and the inner suburbs will be open to competition from 2026.
- Tramway lines will be open to competition from 2030.
- Metro and RER lines will be opened to competition between 2030 and 2040.
- The company is one of the world leaders in mobility, and number 1 in automatic metro systems, with 330 kilometers of lines in operation.
- The company's main competitor is RATP.
- The company has been operating Dubai's automatic metro since 2021.
Keolis wins international contracts - 28/04/2023
- 680 million euros in annual sales for Keolis in France last year.
- Contract in California to operate 209 buses in Orange County, with annual sales in excess of 50 million euros.
- Renewal of contract in Foothill Pomona, northeast of Los Angeles, until 2027
- Contract in Sweden for 10 years to operate part of the Greater Stockholm bus network (54 urban and suburban lines), with annual sales in excess of 50 million euros.
- Contract in the Netherlands from December 2023 to operate the Valleilijn trains and 7 trains, for 13 years and total sales of 150 million euros over the duration of the contract.
keolis growth driven by France in 2022 - 29/03/2023
- - Sales from 6.3 to 6.7 billion euros in one year
- - 9.1% organic growth and 6.4% gross growth
- - Net income up from 20 to 48 million euros in one year
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the private parking market | France
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